# Postfix XFORWARD Howto

## Purpose of the XFORWARD extension to SMTP

When an SMTP server announces support for the XFORWARD command, an SMTP client may send information that overrides one or more client-related logging attributes. The XFORWARD command targets the following problem:

- Logging after SMTP-based content filter. With the deployment of Internet->MTA1->filter->MTA2 style content filter applications, the logging of client and message identifying information changes when MTA1 gives the mail to the content filter. To simplify the interpretation of MTA2 logging, it would help if MTA1 could forward remote client and/or message identifying information through the content filter to MTA2, so that the information could be logged as part of mail handling transactions.

This extension is implemented as a separate ESMTP command, and can be used to transmit client or message attributes incrementally. It is not implemented by passing additional parameters via the MAIL FROM command, because doing so would require extending the MAIL FROM command length limit by another 600 or more characters beyond the space that is already needed to support other extensions such as AUTH and DSN.

## XFORWARD Command syntax

An example of a client-server conversation is given at the end of this document.

In SMTP server EHLO replies, the keyword associated with this extension is XFORWARD. The keyword is followed by the names of the attributes that the XFORWARD implementation supports.

After receiving the server's announcement for XFORWARD support, the client may send XFORWARD requests at any time except in the middle of a mail delivery transaction (i.e. between MAIL and RSET or DOT). The command may be pipelined when the server supports ESMTP command pipelining.

The syntax of XFORWARD requests is described below. Upper case and quoted strings specify terminals, lowercase strings specify meta terminals, and SP is whitespace. Although command and attribute names are shown in upper case, they are in fact case insensitive.

> xforward-command = XFORWARD 1*( SP attribute-name"="attribute-value )

> attribute-name = ( NAME | ADDR | PORT | PROTO | HELO | IDENT | SOURCE )

> attribute-value = xtext

- Attribute values are xtext encoded as per RFC 1891.

- The NAME attribute specifies the up-stream hostname, or [UNAVAILABLE] when the information is unavailable. The hostname may be a non-DNS hostname.

- The ADDR attribute specifies the up-stream network address: a numerical IPv4 network address, an IPv6 address prefixed with IPV6:, or [UNAVAILABLE] when the address information is unavailable. Address information is not enclosed with [].

- The PORT attribute specifies an up-stream client TCP port number in decimal, or [UNAVAILABLE] when the information is unavailable.

- The PROTO attribute specifies the mail protocol for receiving mail from the up-stream host. This may be an SMTP or non-SMTP protocol name of up to 64 characters, or [UNAVAILABLE] when the information is unavailable.

- The HELO attribute specifies the hostname that the up-stream host announced itself with (not necessarily via the SMTP HELO command), or [UNAVAILABLE] when the information is unavailable. The hostname may be a non-DNS hostname.

- The IDENT attribute specifies a local message identifier on the up-stream host, or [UNAVAILABLE] when the information is unavailable. The down-stream MTA may log this information together with its own local message identifier to facilitate message tracking across MTAs.

- The SOURCE attribute specifies LOCAL when the message was received from a source that is local with respect to the up-stream host (for example, the message originated from the up-stream host itself), REMOTE for all other mail, or [UNAVAILABLE] when the information is unavailable. The down-stream MTA may decide to enable features such as header munging or address qualification with mail from local sources but not other sources.

Note 1: an attribute-value element must not be longer than 255 characters (specific attributes may impose shorter lengths). After xtext decoding, attribute values must not contain control characters, non-ASCII characters, whitespace, or other characters that are special in message headers.

Note 2: DNS hostnames can be up to 255 characters long. The XFORWARD client implementation must not send XFORWARD commands that exceed the 512 character limit for SMTP commands.

Note 3: [UNAVAILABLE] may be specified in upper case, lower case or mixed case.

Note 4: Postfix implementations prior to version 2.3 do not xtext encode attribute values. Servers that wish to interoperate with these older implementations should be prepared to receive unencoded information.

## XFORWARD Server operation

The server maintains a set of XFORWARD attributes with forwarded information, in addition the current SMTP session attributes. Normally, all XFORWARD attributes are in the undefined state, and the server uses the current SMTP session attributes for logging purposes.

Upon receipt of an initial XFORWARD command, the SMTP server initializes all XFORWARD attributes to [UNAVAILABLE]. With each valid XFORWARD command, the server updates XFORWARD attributes with the specified values.

The server must not mix client attributes from XFORWARD with client attributes from the current SMTP session.

At the end of each MAIL FROM transaction (i.e. RSET or DOT), the server resets all XFORWARD attributes to the undefined state, and is ready to receive another initial XFORWARD command.

## XFORWARD Server reply codes

> Code | Meaning
> --- | ---
> 250 | success
> 421 | unable to proceed, disconnecting
> 501 | bad command parameter syntax
> 503 | mail transaction in progress
> 550 | insufficient authorization

## XFORWARD Example

In the following example, information sent by the client is shown in bold font.

>     220 server.example.com ESMTP Postfix
>     EHLO client.example.com
>     250-server.example.com
>     250-PIPELINING
>     250-SIZE 10240000
>     250-VRFY
>     250-ETRN
>     250-XFORWARD NAME ADDR PROTO HELO
>     250 8BITMIME
>     XFORWARD NAME=spike.porcupine.org ADDR=168.100.189.2 PROTO=ESMTP
>     250 Ok
>     XFORWARD HELO=spike.porcupine.org
>     250 Ok
>     MAIL FROM:<wietse@porcupine.org>
>     250 Ok
>     RCPT TO:<user@example.com>
>     250 Ok
>     DATA
>     354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
>     . . .message content. . .
>     .
>     250 Ok: queued as 3CF6B2AAE8
>     QUIT
>     221 Bye

## Security

The XFORWARD command changes audit trails. Use of this command must be restricted to authorized clients.

## SMTP connection caching

SMTP connection caching makes it possible to deliver multiple messages within the same SMTP session. The XFORWARD attributes are reset after the MAIL FROM transaction completes (after RSET or DOT), so there is no risk of information leakage.

## References

Moore, K, "SMTP Service Extension for Delivery Status Notifications", RFC 1891, January 1996.